Etching is used in micro fabrication to chemically remove layers from the surface of a wafer during manufacturing. Etching is a critically important process module, and every wafer undergoes many etching steps before it is complete. As etching plays an extremely important role is in micro fabrication process there are few very important things which […]
Anti-Reflective (AR) Optical Coatings for Spectacles and Sun Glasses Anti-reflection “AR” coatings are used extensively to reduce reflection and glare for spectacles and sun glasses. Magnetron sputtering systems are used throughout the optical industry to deposit these AR coatings. Small batch, fast turnaround coating systems are used to supply retail opticians and small laboratories with optical
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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a physical vapour deposition (PVD) technique where a high-power pulsed laser beam is focused inside a vacuum chamber to strike a target of the material that is to be deposited. This material is vaporized from the target (in a plasma plume) which deposits it as a thin film on a
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Photolithography is a process used in micro fabrication to transfer geometric patterns to a film or substrate. Geometric shapes and patterns on a semiconductor make up the complex structures that allow the dopants, electrical properties and wires to complete a circuit and fulfil a technological purpose. Lithography comes from the Greek words lithos and graphia
Spin Coater System Applying uniform thin films to flat substrates can be achieved by spin coating procedure. An excess amount of a solution is applied to a substrate (manually: using a syringe, or automatically: with a dispense unit and dispense nozzles in the lid of the spin coater). The substrate is then rotated at high
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A glove box (or glove box) is a sealed container that is designed to allow one to manipulate objects where a separate atmosphere is desired. Built into the sides of the glove box are gloves arranged in such a way that the user can place their hands into the gloves and perform tasks inside the
Furnace is a heating device that is used for different heating process like calcination, roasting etc. The name derives from Latin word Fornax, which means oven.There are different types of furnace available in the market on the basis of application, environment required for heating and methods of heating.On the basis of heating method, we have
Wire Bonding- Wire bonding is the method of making interconnections (ATJ) between an integrated circuit (IC) or other semiconductor device and its packaging during semiconductor device fabrication. Although less common, wire bonding can be used to connect an IC to other electronics or to connect from one printed circuit board (PCB) to another. Wire bonding
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A thin film is a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometre (monolayer) to several micrometres in thickness. The controlled synthesis of materials as thin films (a process referred to as deposition) is a fundamental step in many applications. A familiar example is the household mirror, which typically has a thin metal coating
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SPUTTERING is a widely used and highly versatile vacuum coating system used for the deposition of a variety of coating materials. Plasma at higher pressure is used to “knock “metal atoms out of a “target”. These energetic atoms deposit on a wafer located near the target. The higher pressure produces better step coverage due to
